Computer Graphics

Fundamental techniques in graphics

• Hierachy of graphic sosftware
• Simple graphics API
• Simple color models (RGB, HSB, CMYK)
• Homogeneous coordinates
• Affne transformations (scaling, rotation, translation)
• Viewing transformation
• Clipping

Graphic systems (1) [Devices]

• Raster and vector graphics systems
• Video display devices
• Physical and logical input devices
• Issues facing the developer of graphics systems

Graphic communication

• Psychodynamics of color and interactions among colors
• Modifications of color for vision deficiency
• Cultural meaning of different colors
• Use of efective pseudo-color palettes for images for specific audiences
• Structuring a view for effective understanding
• Image modifcations for effective video display
• Use of legends to key information to color or other visual data
• Use of text in images to present context and background information
• Visual user feedback on graphical operations

Geometric modeling

• Polugonal representation of 3D objects
• Parametric polynomial curves and surfaces
• Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) representation
• Implicit representation of curves and surfaces
• Spatial subdivision techniques
• Procedural models
• Deformable models
• Subdivision models
• Miltiresolution modeling
• Reconstruction

Basic rendering

• Line generation algorithms (Bresenham)
• Font generation: outline vs. bitmap
• Light-sources and material properties
• Ambient, diffuse, and specular reflections
• Phong reflection model
• Rendering of polygonal surface: flat, Gouraud, and Phong shading
• Texture mapping, bump texture, environmental map
• Ray tracing
• Image synthesis, sampling techniques, and anti-aliasing

Advanced rendering

• Transport equations
• Ray tracing algorithms
• Photon tracing
• Radiosity for global illumination computation, form factors
• Efficient approaches to global illumination
• Monte Carlo methods for global illumination
• Image-based rendering, panorama viewing, plenoptic function modeling
• Rendering of complex natural phenomena
• Non-photorealistic rendering

Advanced techniques

• Color quantization
• Scan conversion of 2D primitive, forward differencing
• Tessellaton of curved surfaces
• Hidden surface removal methods
• Z-buffer and fram buffer, color channles (a channel for opacity)
• Advanced geometric modeling techniques

Computer animation

• Key-fram animation
• Camera animation
• Scripting system
• Animation of articulated structures: inverse kenematics
• Motion capture
• Procedural animation
• Deformation
• Graphics primitives and their properties
• Graphics software systems; general graphics standards
• Architecture of window managers and user interfaces
• Architecture of toolboxes and programming support environments

Data Visualization

• Basic viewing and interrogation functions for visualization
• Visualization of vector fields, tensors, and flow data
• Visualization of scalar field or height field: isisurface by the marching cube method
• Direct volume data rendering: ray-casting, tranfer functions, segmenation, hardware
• Information visualization: projection and parallel-coordinates methods

Virtual Reality

• Stereoscopic display
• Force feedback simulation, haptic devices
• Viewer tracking
• Collision detection
• Visibility computation
• Time-critical rendering, mutiple levels of details (LOD)
• Image-based VR system

Distributed VR, collaboration over computer network

• Interactive modeling
• User interface issues
• Applications in medicine, simulation, and training

Computer Vision

• Image acquisition
• The digital image and its properties
• Image preprocessing
• Segmentation (thresholding, edge- and region-based segmentation)
• Shape representation and object reognition
• Motion analysis
• Case studies (object recognition, object tracking)

Multimedia

• Sound and audio, image and graphics, animation and video
• Representation of graphic data and sound
• Multimedia standards (audio, music, graphics, image, telephony, video, TV)
• Capture
• Compression: techniques, benefits, costs
• Streaming
• Capacity planning and performance issues
• Input and output devices (scanners, digital camera, touch-screens, voice-activated)
• MIDI keyboards, synthesizers
• Storage standards (magneto optical disk, CD-ROM, DVD)
• Multimedia servers and file systems
• Tools to support multimedia development

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