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Main.ProgrammingFundamentalsr1.4 - 27 Sep 2007 - 16:13 - Main.novatopic end

---++ Programming Languages


Virtual machines
   * The concept of a virtual machine
   * Hierarchy of virtual machines
   * Intermediate languages

Formal Definitions

Theory

Language Classifications
   * Procedural
   * Functional languages 
      * Applicative
      * Single Assignment
   *  Object-oriented languages
   * Logic
      * Declarative
      * Constraint logic languages 
   * Imperative
   * Event-Driven 
   * Data flow languages 
   * Concurrent Languages
   *  Very high level languages (aka Fourth Generation Languages)
   * Query Languages
   * Assembly Languages
   * Design languages 
   * Extensible languages 
   * Microprogramming languages 
   * Multiparadigm languages 
   * Nondeterministic languages 
   * Specialized application languages 
   * Intermediate Languages
   * Metalanguage
   * Markup languages
   * Scripting languages
   * Modeling, specification languages (synonyms)


Language Constructs and Features
   * Pointer to Programming Fundamentals


Language Translation and Execution
   * Interpreters 
   * Compilers
   * Debuggers 
   * Language translation phases
      * lexical analysis
      * parsing
      * code generation
      * optimization
   * Computer architecture-specific translation requirements
      * Addressing modes
      * Instruction set
      * Instruction format 
      * paralellism
   * Computer architecture-independent translation elements
      * Regular expressions in lexical scanners
      * Parsing (concrete and abstract syntax, abstract syntax trees)
      * Context-free grammars in table-driven and recursive-descent parsing
      * Symbol table management
      * Code generation by tree walking
      * Optimization techniques
   * Tools for the translation process 
      * lexer  (lexical analysis tool)
      * parser 
   * Separate (modular) compilation
      * Program libraries 
      * Linking
   * Retargetable compilers 
   * Translator writing systems compiler generators
   * Run time environments 


PL design and implementation
   * Language design
      * General principles of language design
      * Design goals
      * Constraints 
      * Programming language syntax
   * Language features: implementation issues
      * Typing regimes
      * Data structure models
      * Name scopes
      * Declarations
         * binding
         * visibility
         * scope
         * lifetime
      * Instruction and control flow
      * Fuctions, procedures, and subroutines
         * Parameters
         * Run time memory management
            * Static and dynamic storage management 
            * Activation records
            * Garbage collection
            * Stack
            * Heap
      * Coroutines 
      * Data abstraction and object orientation
      * Input output 
      * Exception handling
      * Concurrent programming structures 
         * Threads
      * Modules packages 
   * Frameworks 


Programming language semantics
   * Informal semantics
   * Formal semantics
      * Denotational semantics
      * Axiomatic semantics
      * Operational semantics

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